ATEX

The ATEX directives consist of two main parts that deal with different aspects of explosion protection:

ATEX 2014/34/EU (product directive)

This directive sets out the requirements for equipment and protective systems used in potentially explosive atmospheres. It specifies that such products may only be placed on the market if they meet strict safety requirements and have received ATEX certification from an approved testing body.

ATEX 1999/92/EC (workplace directive)

This directive relates to explosion protection in the workplace and sets out the obligations of employers. It requires employers to assess and minimise the risks arising from potentially explosive atmospheres. The classification of zones within the plant is of central importance here.

A key element of the ATEX procedure is the division of potentially explosive areas into zones. These zones indicate how often and for how long explosive atmospheres can occur:

• Zone 0: areas in which an explosive atmosphere is present continuously or for long periods.

• Zone 1: areas in which an explosive atmosphere is likely to occur occasionally under normal operating conditions.

• Zone 2: areas in which an explosive atmosphere occurs only rarely and only for a short time under normal operating conditions.

Similar zones apply to dust atmospheres, referred to as Zone 20, Zone 21 and Zone 22.

ATEX certification is carried out by recognised testing bodies known as notified bodies. These bodies carry out rigorous tests to ensure that equipment and protective systems comply with the ATEX directives. The certification process comprises several steps:

1. Technical documentation

The manufacturer must submit detailed technical documentation containing all relevant information about the product, including design, material selection and risk assessment. This documentation is reviewed by the notified body.

2. Risk assessment and tests

The products undergo various tests to ensure that they meet the requirements of the ATEX directives. These include tests of resistance to high temperatures, electrical sparks and mechanical influences that could represent potential sources of ignition.

3. Issue of the ATEX certificate

If the product meets all requirements, the notified body issues an ATEX certificate. This certificate confirms that the product can be used safely in potentially explosive atmospheres and complies with the applicable European standards.

ATEX certification is essential in many industrial sectors, as potentially explosive environments are common. Here are some examples of products that must be ATEX-certified:

Explosion-proof motors and pumps

In the chemical and petrochemical industries, motors and pumps are often used in areas where explosive gases or vapours can occur. These machines must be ATEX-certified to ensure that they do not become a source of ignition, even in the event of a malfunction.

Lighting systems for hazardous areas

Special lighting systems that meet the ATEX requirements must be used in potentially explosive zones. These systems are designed so that they do not generate sparks and can be operated safely under extreme conditions.

Gas detectors and monitoring systems

Safety devices such as gas detectors, which detect explosive gases or vapours, play an important role in areas with a high risk of explosion. These products must also be certified in accordance with the ATEX directives.

ATEX certification offers companies and end users numerous advantages, particularly in terms of safety and risk minimisation:

• Legal certainty: ATEX certification ensures that equipment and protective systems comply with European safety requirements and are therefore legally approved.

• Safety and protection: ATEX-certified products minimise the risk of explosions and ensure the protection of workers and plants.

• Market access: only ATEX-certified products may be placed on the market and used in the EU and in other regions that adopt ATEX regulations.

All equipment and protective systems used in potentially explosive atmospheres must be ATEX-certified. This includes electrical and mechanical equipment such as motors, pumps, valves and control systems.

2. How long does the ATEX certification process take?

The ATEX certification process can vary depending on the complexity of the product and the requirements of the notified body. As a rule, it takes several weeks to months until all tests and inspections have been completed.

3. Who is responsible for compliance with the ATEX directives?

Responsibility for compliance with the ATEX directives lies both with the manufacturer, who must have the certification carried out, and with the operator, who must ensure that all products used in potentially explosive atmospheres are certified.

4. What happens if a product without ATEX certification is used in a potentially explosive zone?

Using a product without ATEX certification in a potentially explosive area poses a considerable safety risk and can lead to serious accidents or explosions. There is also the risk of legal consequences and penalties.

ATEX certification is a crucial procedure for ensuring safety in potentially explosive environments. By complying with the ATEX directives and using certified equipment and protective systems, companies can significantly reduce the risk of explosions while meeting the legal requirements of the EU. ATEX certification is therefore a central element of explosion protection in many industries, from chemicals and oil and gas to mining.